Operation Microscopes

The article is a guideline determined by the National Institutes of Health or NIH along with the Public Health Service or PHS Policy on Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, and Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals in the conduct of major rodent survival surgical procedures. As part of its campaign, the various medical terms have been defined in this guideline in order to identify if the procedures to be employed by the researchers meet the requirements set by the NIH.

The guidelines defined the term ‘survival procedure’ as the recovery of animal from the anesthesia injected to it even for a limited time, and major surgical procedure as a survival procedure wherein the surgical interference go through a body cavity that has the possibility of generating a permanent handicap in an animal, which is anticipated to recuperate. Among these major surgical procedures are laparotomy, thoracotomy, craniotomy, and orthopedic manipulations.

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The article discussed about surgical technologists as a profession. It tackled the possible growth of the job, its opportunities and nature of the work, its working conditions and the trainings necessary for the qualifications of the individual to do the job, its outlook, and the possible compensations.

It was predicted that on the year 2014, the employment growth of surgical technologists as a profession shall be more rapid than the average of all present careers. The chances of being hired for this work are projected to be good. Hospitals are visualized to remain as their top employer, albeit the need for their services in the offices of physicians, dentists, outpatient care centers and ambulatory surgical centers are being anticipated to rapidly increase. Their trainings for getting a certificate, diploma or associate degree only lasts for nine to twenty four months or two years—a short term course indeed.

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When an individual is introducing so many toxins or unnecessary food into his or her own body, these toxins might create imbalance in the over all functions of the body. Presently, a lot of factors are being considered for having or developing heart diseases. Some of these are being linked to numerous vices such as smoking, drinking hard liquors or intake of too much alcoholic drinks, having no extra curricular activities such as exercises or being involved in any kinds of sports, being overweight, too much intake of food without being utilized by the body or the intake is more than what the body may actually need, eating foods with too much sodium or too much preservatives that are not being flushed out by the body, or oily and fatty foods as well, and the used of synthetic drugs both illegal and regulated being introduce into the body. These lead to different strenuous activities or double time functioning of the various organs of the body including the heart.

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The article discussed instructions on what to do in order to make mammals, aside from rodents, survive aseptic surgical procedures. The guidelines agenda is to create awareness and to serve as an instruction manual for students and other people who have no experience on the field of experimental surgery. The guidelines have been prepared and accepted by the University Committee on Animal Care or UCAC of East Tennessee State University. Deviated kinds of procedure being performed in experimental surgery aside from the one laid down by the National Institutes for Health must be brought to their attention for proper evaluation and approval of the committee on animal care and the veterinarian in charge.

The article defined the various terms commonly used in surgery: ‘survival surgery’, which means any kind of surgical process wherein the animal is able to regain its conscious state; ‘non-survival surgery’, which means any surgical process wherein the animal was no longer able to recover its awareness; ‘major surgery’, which means any surgical intrusion of the body cavity or having possibility of generating a permanent handicap in an animal that is anticipated to recuperate; ‘minor surgery’, which means any operations that only the skin or mucous membrane is cut into—in the definition it also comprises biopsies or introduction of probes or catheters to body cavity with the use of the needle or trocar; and lastly, ‘multiple major survival surgery’, which means two or more major survival surgical procedures on a single animal and is only allowed in special situations.

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